Organic flow battery solubility

Aqueous organic flow batteries are promising for large-scale energy storage. The property of organic electrolyte can be tuned by molecular engineering. The theoretical calculations may provide guidelines for robust electrolyte design. The progress of organic aqueous organic flow battery electrolytes is discussed.

Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs), due to their excellent energy density and long lifespan, have surfaced as a promising energy storage solution. Since 2007, researchers have been optimizing simple organic electrolytes, such as quinones and viologens, through molecular engineering to enhance their performance.

AOFB, aqueous organic flow battery. Most traditional flow batteries are based on ions of transition metals, represented by the vanadium flow battery (VFB) [,,, ]. VFBs employ vanadium ions with different valence states as electrolytes, i.e. V2+ /V 3+ as the negative electrolyte and VO 2+ /VO 2+ as the positive electrolyte.

Organic redox-active materials offer a new opportunity for the construction of advanced flow batteries due to their advantages of potentially low cost, extensive structural diversity, tunable electrochemical properties, and high natural abundance.

AOFBs, aqueous organic flow batteries; MV, methyl viologen; BTMAP-Vi, bis- (trimethylammonio) propyl viologen; BPP-Vi, 1,1'-bis (3-phosphonopropyl)- [4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium dibromide. The enhanced electrostatic repulsion is also observed for negatively charged substituents.

When paired with FcNCl, the battery displayed a capacity fade rate of 0.016% per cycle at a 10 mM active species concentration, whereas it increases to 0.2% per cycle when the concentration rose to 0.5 M. Reported studies on viologen-based negolytes demonstrated their potential in an aqueous organic flow battery.